Author: Hamdoon A. Khan
Affiliation: Independent researcher, Sri Lanka
Email: [email protected]
Journal: International Journal of Fundamental Physical Sciences (IJFPS)
Volume: 11, Issue: 3, Pages: 50-56
ISSN: 2231-8186
DOI: 10.14331/ijfps.2021.330149
Einstein's equation E=mc² introduced a transformative way to perceive energy and mass. However, this paper challenges that equivalence by arguing that the total energy of matter is a function of internal and external energies. Through thought experiments and theoretical analysis, the author proposes a new energy formulation distinguishing between internal energy (inherent to matter or particles) and external energy (influenced by the environment). The constancy of the speed of light is attributed to it being the internal energy of the photon, unaffected by external forces. The paper ultimately rejects the direct equivalence of energy and mass and provides laws governing the behavior of these energy forms to support a new foundation for physics.